Internal combustion engine



Feb. 9, 1932. J. A. SPEER I INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed .Jan. 25; 1929 INVENTOR queer MA TTORNEY 20 be increased over common Patented Feb. 9, 19 32 I UNITED STATES cums A. srnan' orwicmra. unsns m'rmmnr. comsnsrron Enema Application filed January as, 1929.. Serial No. 334,920.

This invention relates to improvements in to a means for cooling the piston and utilizing the heat from the piston to vaporize the fuel charge before it enters the combustion chamber of the cylinder. By maintaining the in .ner end of the piston relat'vely cool, the charge can-be compressed to a higher degree than is possible with ordinary engine construction. It is well recognized that the higher the compression of theifuel charge prior to combustion, the more eflicienj; the engine will be but due to the fact' that compression creates heat, it has been considered impracticable to compress the charge more than five or six atmospheres because a charge compressed above such pressure will ordinarily detonate or pre-ignite. Bymaintaining the piston cool, the compression ratio may practice so better efliciency is obtained. p

The novelty of the invention will beapparent by referenceto the followingdescription in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a view of a cylinder of a motor,

part of which is shown in elevation and part.

in section, the piston except for the connecting rod being shown in section and Fig. 2 is a fragmentary-view of a piston constructed in accordance with my invention,

part being shown in section and part in elevation.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals of reference, 1 designates a cylinder of an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold 2, an intake valve 3, an exhaust valve not shown and a spark plug 4, there being circumferential flanges 5 for air cooling all of which is old and well known. Midway between the ends of the cylinder is an atmospheric air inlet port 6 .and diametrically opposite it is an outlet port 7 connected to a tube 8 communicating with the carburetor not shown. The piston particularly illustrated in Figure 2 consists of a head 9 and a skirt 10 of usual cylindrical form having appropriate piston rings 11. In the interior 0 the skirt is a circumferential groove 12 to receive a split expansible locking ring 13 ton but takes up enou h heat to efi'iciently to retain the removable wing carrying head internal combustion engines and particularly of block 14, provided with trunnions 15 and 16 on the T-hea l 17 of the connecting rod 18 which maybe fastened to the crank shaft in any approprlate manner.

It will be observed that the head or block 14 has an inverted V-shaped upper end 19 from which projects parallel spaced partitlons or outstanding wings 20 held in alinement with the'opemngs 6 and 7 by the trunnions 15 and 16 which pass through the block 14: and into the piston. The. V-sha ed web 9, in spaced relation with the end or end 19,

forms; an air chamber or passage-way in which the directional vanes 20 are-located. These vanes aline with the openings 21 and 22 in the piston and with the openings 6 and 7 in the cylinder when the piston is in its out-stroke position.

When the parts are in the pgsition shown in Figure 1, the air is drawn t ough the ports 6, 21, 7, 22, conduit 8, through the carburetor and up through the manifold 2 to the combustion chamber. Therefore, it cools the pievaporize the liquid by rocarbon one of the component parts of the combustible mixture. Therefore, the mixture can be compressed to a higher degree than is ossible with resent day engines due to the act' that the piston is relatively cool during the compression stroke.

If the device is used on aeronautical engines, the intake -ports 6 and 21 can face forward, preferably in a plane at ri ht angles to the propeller so that there willie a tendency for the air to enter the orts 6 and 21 at some appreciable pressure. ii any event, the arrangement as 'shown,wi1l enhance the operatin g efiiciency of the motor. 1

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Apiston comprising a head and a cylindrical sln'rt, the skirt being provided with a circumferential groove on its inner wall, a removable block receivable within the skirt and having outstanding wings to aline with openings in the skirt of the iston and a looking rin in the groove to ho d the block within the s t. 7

2. A piston comprising a head having a cylindrical skirt provided with alining openings and an internal move, a. block receivable within the skirfiiaving wings to abut against the head of the piston, the wings forming passage-ways between the block and the head of the piston which alines with the openings in the skirt and a lockin ring in 211:: groove for securing the block wlthin the 3. A piston comprisin a head having a cylindrical skirt provide with alining openings, a block within the skirt spaced from the head and having wings to abut against the head of the piston, the wings forming passage-ways between the block and the head which aline with the openin in the skirt.

In testimony whereof I i 1 my signature.

JAMES A. SPEER. 

